Study Links Bentonite Clay in Cat Litter to Respiratory Risks

That seemingly harmless cloud of dust when cleaning your cat's litter box may pose serious health risks to both pets and owners, according to veterinary experts.

Common bentonite clay litters, while prized for their superior absorbency and clumping ability, release significant amounts of silica dust during use. This mineral dust, composed of crystalline silica particles, becomes airborne when cats dig in the litter or when owners scoop the box.

Long-term inhalation of silica dust presents respiratory hazards. Felines may develop inflammation, chronic coughing, or in severe cases, silicosis—a progressive lung disease. Human family members, particularly those with pre-existing respiratory conditions, face similar risks from prolonged exposure to these airborne particles.

Ingestion hazards compound the problem. While most commercial litters are labeled non-toxic, accidental consumption of bentonite clay litter—common among curious kittens—can lead to digestive complications and intestinal blockages over time.

The pet care industry has responded with innovative alternatives. Plant-based litters made from materials like recycled paper, wheat, or tofu byproducts have gained popularity due to their dust-free composition, biodegradability, and reduced health risks. Some manufacturers now offer silica-free formulations specifically designed to minimize respiratory and ingestion hazards.

Veterinarians recommend selecting low-dust, non-toxic litter varieties and maintaining rigorous litter box hygiene—daily scooping combined with complete weekly changes. Proper ventilation in litter areas further reduces airborne particle concentration. Pet owners should carefully review product composition when selecting litter, prioritizing formulations that balance convenience with health considerations.